ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Study on the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy of cervical lymph nodes and to discuss the reasons of making a misdiagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five hundred and eighty cases of cervical lymph node fine needle aspiration biopsy were reviewed retrospectively. Among them, histologic findings were available in 161 cases. The cytologic and histologic diagnoses were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were altogether 226 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 202 cases of specific inflammation, 45 cases of malignant lymphoma and 107 cases of metastatic carcinoma. The concordance rate between the cytologic and corresponding histologic diagnoses was 94.4%. The primary foci of most cases with metastatic carcinoma could be delineated by reviewing the clinical and pathologic finding. Inadequate cellularity was the main reason of making misdiagnosis and useful diagnostic clues might be obtained by careful study of the clinical findings.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Fine needle aspiration biopsy of cervical lymph node carries a high diagnostic accuracy. It provides important clues in guiding subsequent clinical management. However, for detailed subtyping of certain disease entities such as malignant lymphoma, surgical biopsy for histologic and immunohistochemical studies are required.</p>